⭐ 

Article 21 ka simple meaning:
Article 21 har insaan ko “जीवन और व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता का अधिकार” deta hai — matlab kisi ko bhi bina legal procedure ke uski life ya freedom se vanchit (deprive) nahi kiya ja sakta.

Hindi name: जीवन एवं व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता का अधिकार
English: Right to Life and Personal Liberty

⭐ Short Definition (Exam-friendly)

“Article 21 ka matlab hai ki kisi vyakti ki life aur personal freedom ko sirf law ke procedure ke through hi restrict kiya ja sakta hai.”

Iske saath connected Fundmental Duties meaning in Hindi bhi kaafi useful hai

⭐ Article 21 kya protect karta hai? (Simple list)

• Jeene ka adhikar (Right to live with dignity)

• Privacy ka right

• Fair trial

• Clean environment

• Education

• Health

• Shelter (ghar)

• Legal aid

• Safe drinking water

• Protection from torture

• Protection from illegal detention

Yeh sab Supreme Court ne Article 21 ke andar include kiya (landmark judgments).

Agar aap ko aur daily-use words samajhne hain, to humari complete list of English words meaning in Hindi zaroor dekhiye.

⭐ Article 21 = Most Powerful Fundamental Right

Kyuki Supreme Court ne isko “mother of all rights” kaha.
Iske through almost har human right protect hota hai.

⭐ Easy Examples

Example 1:
Police kisi ko bina reason arrest nahi kar sakti.
→ Article 21 ka violation.

Example 2:
Government aapko polluted paani de →
Right to health + clean environment violate.

Example 3:
Agar koi case ka trial 10–15 saal delay ho raha →
Right to speedy trial violate.

Example 4:
Aap phone privacy expect kar sakte ho →
Right to privacy under Article 21.

⭐ Landmark Judgements 

1. Maneka Gandhi vs Union of India (1978)
   Article 21 ko expand kar diya — fair, just, reasonable procedure required.

2. K.S. Puttaswamy vs Union of India (2017)
   Right to Privacy = Fundamental Right under Article 21.

3. Olga Tellis Case (1985)
   Right to Shelter (ghar) Article 21 ke andar.

4. Hussainara Khatoon Case (1979)
   Right to Speedy Trial.

5. Francis Coralie Mullin Case
   Right to live with dignity.

6. Subhash Kumar Case (1991)
   Right to clean environment under Article 21.

Yeh sab tumhare long-tail keywords ko auto-rank karwa denge.

⭐ Why Article 21 is “Most Important”?

• Sabse broad right

• Every right linked to life = under Article 21

• Supreme Court continuously expand karta rehta

• Human rights ka foundation

⭐ FAQs 

Q1: Article 21 ka Hindi meaning kya hai?
Article 21 ka meaning hai — जीवन और व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता का अधिकार.

Q2: Article 21 kya guarantee karta hai?
Life + personal liberty + dignity + privacy + fair trial.

Q3: Article 21 ko kis case ne expand kiya?
Maneka Gandhi Case (1978).

Q4: Article 21 UPSC me kyun important hai?
Kyuki yeh fundamental right sabse powerful aur most-used article hai.

Q5: Article 21 me privacy kaha mention hai?
Puttaswamy Case (2017) ne privacy ko Article 21 ka part declare kiya.

Iske saath connected Fundmental Duties meaning in Hindi bhi kaafi useful hai

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